Sri Vyasa Maharishi founded the System of Vedantha which is the most popular Vedic Philosophy. He also wrote the Dharma Sasthras based on the Vedantha. They are followed by most Hindus as their Philosophy, though many rituals and principles of other systems are also used. According to Vedantha, Brahmam develops Itself into the universe for Its own sporting or lila without undergoing any change and without ceasing to be Itself. It is the material and instrumental cause of the universe. The reality appears to our limited intelligence as the finite universe of time and space due to the mysterious power of Maya of God. It is due to avidya or ignorance, a natural disability of our soul that prevent it from comprehending God as He really is. When the natural limitations of avidya are removed through real knowledge, the individual is no longer there as a separate entity but becomes one with Paramatma.

Many Acharyas wrote detailed explanatory texts on these to establish the philosophy and practice of the faith. Sri Sankara wrote the Advaitha theory. In this, the Brahmam is absolute and formless. He appears as the Saguna Brahmam in various forms for the pious worship of devotees. The Supreme Brahmam and all His creations are one and the same. They look different due to the veil of Maya and due to our ignorance or avidhya. Sri Ramanuja wrote the Visishta-adhvaitha. In this, Brahmam is Narayana, a personal God with attributes. It is not homogenous, has elements of plurality and manifests in a diversified world. Sri Madhva's Dhvaitha is strictly dualistic. The individual souls do not attain equality with God. Here God is separate from His creations, who are real and dependent on God. We also have other systems that are slightly different including the Saiva Siddhantha of Sage Meykandar in Tamil Nadu and Sakthi Yoga Philosophy which follow Saivism and Sakthism.