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| | Principles
and Practice of Hindu Religion | |
Chapter
- IV : The
Scriptures and The Sacred Works | An
Analysis of the Texts Available that gives the Divine Message
for
Every One to Study, Understand and Follow as a Way of Life |
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| | Lesson
- 58 : | The
Suthras, Smrithis and Dharma Sasthras
Texts
that explain the Science and Philosophy of Vedas | |
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| | Srautha
Suthra explains ritual of Sacrifices. Sulba Suthra gives the measurements
necessary for laying out the area for Yajna. Grihya Suthra deals with domestic
life and Dharma Suthra deals with ethics, customs and laws. The Prathishakhyas,
Padapathas, Upalekhas, Kramapathas, Anukramanis, Daivath sahithas, Parishishtas,
Prayogas, Paddhathis, Karikas, Khilas and Vyuhas are further elaboration in the
rituals and Karmas of Kalpa Suthras and in the usage of the manthras. Among the
Kalpa Suthras, Asvalayana, Sankhyana and Sambhavya belong to Rig-Veda. Katyayana
and Paraskara belong to Sukla Yajur-Veda. Aapasthambha, Hiranyakesi, Bhodhayana,
Bharadvaja, Manava, Vaikhanasa and Kathaka belong to Krishna Yajur-Veda. Mashaka,
Latyayana, Drahyayana, Gobhila and Khadira belong to Saama-Veda. Vaitana and Kaushika
belong to Atharva-Veda. This explains to us the slight variations in several rituals
performed by various Hindu families. Chanting of Vedas, performance of Yagnas
and the rules of discipline are all meant as the preliminaries for the meditation
on the true nature of the Self and the Ultimate Reality.
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The
Secondary canons of Scriptures consist of the Smrithis, which are the ancient
Hindu Law codes given to us by the Rishis, based on the teachings of the Vedas.
They supplement and explain the ritualistic injunctions and develop the Dharma.
They are the Dharma Sasthras that regulate Hindu national, Social, family and
individual obligations and duties. There are Eighteen main Smrithis, the most
important three being Manu, Yajnavaalkya and Parasara.
The other Fifteen are Vishnu, Daksha, Samvartha, Vyasa, Haritha, Sathathapa, Vasishta,
Yama, Aapasthamba, Gauthama, Devala, Sankha-Likhitha, Usana, Athri and Saunaka.
The laws of Manu are for Sathya [Kritha] Yuga; the Smrithis of Yajnavaalkya
are for Thretha Yuga; the codes of Sanakha and Likhitha are for Dwapara
Yuga and those of Parasara are written for Kali Yuga. These Smrithis have
varied from time to time with different Dharma Sasthras written for each time.
They are related to social and emotional surroundings and conditions of the Hindu
Society and changes with the time and place.
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| Lessons:
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49 , 50
, 51 , 52 , 53
, 54 , 55 , 56
, 57 , 58 , 59
, 60 , 61 , 62
, 63 , 64 . |
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